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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged or cracked window can be a source of frustration. This could be an opportunity to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones, and reap benefits like increased comfort, increased resale value and reduced utility bills.

It's a project you can take on yourself for only a fraction of the cost of hiring an expert. It requires the right tools and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

If your single-pane windows are outdated damaged, cracked or deteriorating replacing them with more modern insulated or tempered glass can increase energy efficiency and decrease noise while maintaining the historical integrity of older homes. The process of replacing a window pane is relatively simple and can be done by homeowners with basic hand tools. Alongside a replacement pane, the following components are needed for the replacement process: latex glazing putty Glazier's points; pliers and an electric heater to warm the old putty, if needed. Before beginning, wear protective gloves and goggles since working with broken glass may cause injuries.

Begin by removing any broken pieces of glass. It is recommended to use pliers, but a flathead can be used equally. Utilize a wood chisel or putty knife to get rid of any old putty remaining around the frame and the window sash. Take your time and work slowly making sure not to break the existing window sash. This can be done best on an elevated ladder, not on the ground. Also, you should have someone on the ground to hold it steady.

Make sure the window frame is ready to accept the new pane once you have removed the old glue. To allow for seasonal expansion or contraction by subtracting 1/8 inch from the measurements of width and height. Bring these measurements to the nearest hardware store or home center and find a piece glass cut to size. You can cut the glass yourself if you possess the appropriate tools.

After putting the new pane in place, run a small bead of caulking around the edges to ensure it is weatherproof. Install a glazier's pointing on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points shouldn't be tight enough to cause friction between the frame and sash, but they should also not be loose.

Before putting the putty on, work it in a gentle manner until it's soft and free of lumps. Then you can roll it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip in the corner of the frame, moving from one corner to another to ensure it is smooth and even.

Glazier's Points

The glazier’s points are small triangular pieces of metal which help to secure the glass into the window seal replacement frame without damaging the delicate surface. Knowing how to use these tiny helpers is simple and could save you money on professional installation or the cost of buying new glass.

After the old putty and the glazier's points have been removed, thoroughly clean the frame with a knife to eliminate any remaining traces. Lightly sand the frame in the rabbet grooves, if necessary, to smooth out rough areas. If you decide to sand the wood, ensure you protect it by using painter's tape to prevent accidental damage.

Measure the empty frame's dimensions and note down precise measurements. Take these dimensions to a hardware store or a home center and have the new pane made slightly smaller than the frame's opening. This will ensure a tight fit and will allow room for expansion and contraction.

Place the new window in the frame and push it into place firmly using your hand. Then, you can use the point of your chisel, or the back end of the putty knife to pierce the glazier's points as shown in Figure 11. When you're done taping, they should be level with the top edge of the pane, and the shoulders of the points should be just below the rabbet's rim groove.

Apply a thin layer glazing compound on the rabbet grooves and the edges of new glass. This will seal and protect the edges. Let it dry completely and cure.

Install the new window sash when the glazing compound has dried. First, you need to coat the wood with an even layer of linseed. This will stop the new putty from soaking up moisture and drying out and cracking over time. Use a brush to apply this coat, or the point of the blade. Then use the chisel on the back of the putty tool or the back of the handle to gently hit the new sash, or glazier's point into the grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this process in intervals of 10 inches around the frame.

Putty

A baseball thrown or a rock thrown by error, or a tree falling can cause a broken or cracked window pane. Luckily, most windows can be repaired by simply putting a brand new piece in place. The glass is held in place by a small metal clip, called the glazier's point, and putty. This compound is also called glazing compound. Before you install a new pane, first get rid of the old one and clean the area with the help of a rag, the pull-type paint scraper or an abrasive wood chisel. Wear protective glasses and Replace Window pane gloves while you do this work. If the window is glued to the frame, you'll need employ a heat gun in order to soften the adhesive before prying it free.

If you are planning to Replace Window Pane the original sash, gently remove any pieces of molding that secure the old pane. Sand the sash until it's flat and ready for new caulk. After the sash has been installed it is possible to apply a silicone caulk on the glass. This will ensure that it won't get soiled or discolor over time.

Take out the glazing points in the rabbets. These are the grooves in the sash, where the glass is located. If they're difficult to cut, place an instrument such as a heatgun over them for a few minutes to soften them. When using a heated tool, make sure to not scratch the sash's railings and sash.

Create a bed for your new pane after you have removed the old glaze points and putty. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your fingers, and then make it about 1/2 inch thick. Press it into the rabbets where the glass will be placed. The glass must rest against the putty on both sides. If you need to you want to tap your glass lightly into the rabbet with your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack then you can seal it with a solvent-based glue or silicone caulk before pressing it into the sash. If the crack is not sealed, you'll need to use putty to keep water out. After the putty has dried remove the oily film from the glass and allow it to dry completely before painting. If you paint before the putty has completely dry, it won't form a strong seal and may leak or discolor over time.

Paint

If you've suffered a break in a window pane, you might be worried about the cost of replacing it. In reality, replacing a single piece of glass doesn't have to be expensive if you do it on your own. In fact, even a double glazed windows replacement-pane window can be replaced for less than the cost of an expert.

If you're working with a large glass window, first make sure it is securely fixed to the frame. This is relatively easy and fast with the proper tools and techniques.

When you are ready to start, remove the old window pane. Remove the metal glazing points that are attached to it. These are small metal triangles which act as "nails" to hold the window in place. They are submerged beneath a bead or glazing putty that hardens to a solid wedge which holds the wood frame in place and hides the points.

After taking off the old pane clean the frame and wood. Scrape off any paint that has been used and sand the rabbet grooves in which the glazing points were. Sand them down to clean wooden surfaces so you can paint the frames with the same color. After sanding the wood, apply a layer of flax oil. This will help to extend its life.

The next step is to determine the width of the window's opening. You will need to take vertical and horizontal measurements of the entire opening, and also the thickness of the old pane. To get the exact size of the new pane, subtract 1/8 inch from both measurements. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. You can bring these measurements to a hardware or home improvement store and have the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.