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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million adults in the United States. Many types of medications are available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs) comprising citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications also treat depression, and they can alleviate symptoms associated with other anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It can take up one month for them to begin working.

These drugs work by boosting the production of certain chemical messengers within the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These are typically the first choice for treating anxiety, but doctors can also prescribe other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants called serotonin and norepinephrine receptor inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor) are used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine, but at a lower degree than SSRIs. They may take some time to begin taking effect, and they also tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil), are effective in treating certain anxiety disorders, including GAD. Their drowsiness, along with other side effects, make them less popular. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are another type of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and the high risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines are frequently used to combat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term, such as when waiting for SSRIs or SNRIs to kick in. These drugs can trigger tolerance, sedation and addiction, and withdrawal reactions that include rebound depression, anxiety and even delusions. Benzodiazepines are commonly found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is an essential component of a treatment plan for anxiety, as it helps you discover more about the symptoms and their reasons. Many people find that therapy and medication both aid in coping. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as medication for anxiety. Consult your physician to find out what's right for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect that reduces anxiety and relaxes muscles that are tense. They also relieve symptoms of bodily stress related to fear (like heart rate or trembling), and promote sleep.

The way they work is through binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutryic acid or GABA and interacting with receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effects of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and decreasing the amount of messages that are sent to the amygdala. It is a part of the brain that evaluates the threat and triggers a feeling of anxiety.

These medications are typically used for short periods for instance, during a panic attack or severe anxiety episode. They may help relieve the symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. Benzodiazepines are different from SSRIs aren't able to remain in the body for a long time. They're quick-acting and typically perform in just a few hours, making them ideal for situations when quick relief is needed (like on a plane flight or prior to giving a public presentation).

As they are addictive, patients are usually prescribed treatments for anxiety disorders up to four weeks at a time. After that, they also lose their effectiveness.

One of the main reasons why benzodiazepines are so popular is because they are efficient and have few negative effects compared to predecessors like barbiturates and meprobamate. They have a rapid onset of action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives and anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s, which included the denial of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment leads to physical dependence. However, they continue to play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety Headache treatment disorders, specifically when used in combination with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and trigger unwanted side effects, like drowsiness or confusion. It is essential to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription, or herbal medication you're currently contemplating or are taking. You can determine which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines by checking the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved many antidepressants for other health anxiety treatment conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain types of pain, and bipolar disorder.

The majority of doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first line treatment for anxiety, but these medications might not be appropriate for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working, the doctor may try an older type known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine and dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're less popular than the newer antidepressants but are still readily available. You may ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel) in lower doses if you're experiencing anxiety or sleep problems.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine are also beneficial. They're also available in generic forms. If they don't help, your doctor may try the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine or the tranquilizing antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Medications for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the blood pressure and heart rate by preventing the action of adrenaline. These drugs aren't usually used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be beneficial when combined with psychological therapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behaviours that can cause anxiety. It can help you learn to control your anxiety, and build coping skills. Depending on the severity of your condition, exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts, fearful thoughts and to overcome the fear of situations that cause your anxiety. Exposure therapy involves increasing the level of anxiety provoking situations until they are manageable. It can be done either in a group, or by yourself. In both instances, it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best natural treatment for anxiety and depression choice for some individuals. Some people find that taking medication alone is enough to control symptoms. It's important to tell your doctor about the things you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medicines

While benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most frequently prescribed medications to treat anxiety symptoms and treatment, other medications can help ease your symptoms as well. Beta blockers, antihistamines and buspirone are all sometimes prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These drugs can help you alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking the signals that trigger anxiety and stress. However, they're not the only solution. You will still require a variety of methods to manage anxiety, including exercises, relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are the most commonly prescribed anxiety medications that your doctor might prescribe. According to research, these drugs are the most effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are typically found in sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram. These medications might have minor adverse effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they usually subside within 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive and they don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for anxiety and panic attacks However, they can cause side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, memory and coordination problems, and dependence. They're a less popular choice over the more traditional barbiturates but they're just as effective.

Antihistamines, like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were designed to help with allergies however, they're also used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine can have a calming effect by blocking the histamine receptors. It is not a controlled substance, so it does not carry the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are a different type of medication which can aid in reducing anxiety. They have been found to reduce anxiety through blocking the production and release dopamine and sérotonin. They may be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your medical history and symptoms natural ways to treat depression and anxiety determine if these drugs are suitable for you. They'll also discuss how long you should be taking them and any possible side effects. Anxiety medication is only available through prescription, so a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.