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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a fan of coffee, you likely already know that different beans have distinct flavor profiles. Find out more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica that is only grown in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity and tarter flavor, and are often added to coffee blends to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world with 75% of the world's coffee beans produced. Arabica beans have a milder and sweeter flavor than Robusta and are available with a variety of flavor profiles. The flavor and aroma of organic coffee beans are influenced by the conditions in the conditions in which it grows and the methods of processing used.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energized after eating these fruit, and the cultivation of coffee soon began to spread throughout the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes and are in a position to thrive in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons for why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on ethically sourced arabica beans, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees that can be used in many brewing methods. Blending gives control over the aroma, flavor and body, as well as the acidity of coffee. It is usually utilized to create a consistent and balanced flavor that is appealing to a broad audience.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most popular type of coffee bean grown across the globe. They have more caffeine per bean and are more protected against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation in the brewing process, and can result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica and can be grown in less favorable climates. It can withstand warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a more cost-effective crop to cultivate.

While it might seem contradictory Robusta beans are frequently mixed with arabica to create coffee blends. If you notice names like Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's possible that there's also some robusta.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do combine the two varieties to cut costs and preserve the quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor, it's crucial to select a high-quality bean from a source that you trust. This can be done by purchasing your beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped which distinguishes them from other types Of coffee beans, https://pattern-wiki.win/,. They are characterized by a smell that is fruity, floral and smoky. They are added to other types of coffee beans to give them a richer, more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They can be found at low altitudes and withstand hot, humid climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for home-growing. You can purchase seeds online from many sources, however it is recommended to purchase from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa, which was once considered to be a separate species but is now classified as a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are ovals that grow on large 20-30 foot coffee plants that are situated at medium altitudes. They have a distinct taste that is both tart and fruity, which has made them a sought-after choice in house blends. They have a more subtle aroma and higher caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta however they have a unique depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth-most popular kind of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't as easy to find as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually considered an entirely different species of coffee up until 2006, when they were reclassified to become a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans are shaped like a teardrop and possess a dark, mysterious taste. These beans are commonly used to give blends more body and a sweet tart flavor of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are renowned for their sweeter taste. They thrive at high altitudes and have warm, tropical climates. They also have a touch of acidity. If properly roasted and brewed they may have notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is an almost identical choice to Arabica and makes up around 40% of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are smaller and more round but they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have earthy and woody overtones.

Now that you've learned the four most widely used varieties of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select the perfect cup. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste, choose an arabica bean or a blend comprised of robusta and arabica beans.