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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication

Medicines can be a useful tool to help manage anxiety symptoms. Psychologists have extensive experience in the use of medication and are able to formulate the right prescriptions to minimize the adverse effects.

Treatment for anxiety disorders is usually three-pronged: therapy, medication and exercise. SSRIs, the first choice of medications for treating anxiety, can take up to several weeks to be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the drug that are most commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders. The newer SSRIs are less likely to cause adverse reactions than tricyclics older than tricyclics as well as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. A variety of SSRIs are FDA-approved for treating generalized anxiety disorder, including fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil) sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa).

These drugs increase serotonin levels in the brain. They can also aid in the increase of norepinephrine and BDNF. They can be used alone or in combination with psychotherapy. SSRIs may cause adverse effects, such as stomach and nausea, but these usually improve as the body becomes used to the medication.

The precise mechanism behind how SSRIs are effective in treating anxiety is not fully understood. It is believed that SSRIs inhibit the reuptake serotonin by the post-synaptic neurons and increase the amount of serotonin in the synaptic gaps. This improves the signaling between the synapses, which reduces anxiety symptoms.

SSRIs can reduce anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression as well as other mental disorders which are often linked to anxiety disorders in adults disorders. They can be used with cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to increase their effectiveness.

Contrary to other classes of antidepressants SSRIs do not appear to be addictive. However, it is essential to follow your doctor's prescriptions exactly. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it may result in "discontinuation" syndrome and anxiety symptoms to return.

If SSRIs do not work for you, your doctor might suggest an alternative class of antidepressants, such as nefazodone, mirtazapine. These medications are also efficient, but they carry more risk of having adverse reactions than the more recent SSRIs.

SSRIs can interact with certain foods, such as eggs, red meat dairy, some vegetables and fruits. If you are taking these medications, it is a good idea to avoid these foods. It is also recommended that you avoid drinking alcohol while taking SSRIs since it may cause a number of side effects.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines boost the calming effect of certain chemicals in the brain and nervous system. They enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter named Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) that inhibits the activity of nerves. These drugs can be effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other mental disorders. However they can be addictive and should only be used for short durations of time under medical supervision. Benzos are dangerous when taken recreationally or mixed with other drugs such as alcohol.

When people have anxiety disorders, they often turn to medication as their first choice. However it's not the only option. Psychotherapy or talk therapy has also been proven to be an effective method to decrease anxiety symptoms. There are a variety of psychotherapies, however cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most well-known and effective. This type of psychotherapy can teach you how to alter your thinking and behavior so that you don't feel anxious as much.

The most common benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) Clorazepate (Tranxene), lorazepam (Ativan), and quazepam (Dalmane). Each one has its own set of adverse effects, but they all have similar properties in pharmacology. Clorazepate for instance is more effective in treating seizure disorders than other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on contrary, is more effective in treating anxiety disorders when compared to the quazepam.

Although benzodiazepines may be efficient, they are not recommended for long-term use because they can lead to physical dependence and tolerance. They can also cause withdrawal symptoms, like a heart pounding shaking, sweating, and shaking if you abruptly stop taking them. The symptoms can be unpleasant and last for a few weeks. However they can be slowed down by reducing the medication gradually.

Benzodiazepines can be very addictive and should be taken only for a short time, usually not more than 4 weeks. During this period, you'll have to be vigilant about your blood pressure and heart rate to ensure you don't suffer an extreme withdrawal reaction. If you're considering getting a prescription for benzodiazepine, speak with your doctor about your past history of substance abuse.

Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers are used to treat anxiety symptoms. These drugs prevent adrenaline from binding to beta receptors in the nervous system. This is a way to stop the hormone from producing physical reactions such as heart tremors or palpitations. These medications are usually used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular ailments. However they are also available off-label for anxiety.

If you are stressed your body releases a chemical called Adrenaline. This chemical signals your body to prepare itself for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds beta receptors found in the heart and brain and causes your heart to beat faster and causing other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are class medications used to treat hypertension, and other heart conditions. They work by blocking adrenaline's binding actions. This assists in lowering your blood pressure and heart rate.

Contrary to SSRIs and benzodiazepines, which take a few weeks or months to produce a noticeable improvement in your symptoms, beta-blockers are fast-acting. This makes them a great alternative for those who require immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms like those who have to give speeches in public or travel on a plane. Additionally, they are an excellent choice for those who have both anxiety and a chronic heart issue, such as atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure.

While beta-blockers can be effective in alleviating physical symptoms of social anxiety disorder, they don't address the underlying cause of the condition. They are therefore only prescribed as part of an extensive treatment plan that includes lifestyle adjustments and counseling. They are beneficial for those who have tried medication for anxiety disorders medicine and found it to be ineffective, or caused unacceptable side effects.

Propranolol and atenolol as well as other beta-blockers are also available. Your doctor will decide the best one for you according to your medical history and overall health. The use of these medicines can cause negative side effects, including fatigue or low blood pressure, so it is important to discuss your treatment options with your doctor.

MAOIs

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were first developed in the 1950s to be an antidepressant, are effective for a variety of anxiety and depression disorders. They aren't as widely employed as SSRIs and other antidepressants due to the strict dietary restrictions required and the potential for drug interactions. Some MAOIs are taken orally in tablet form, while others (such as Emsam) come in the form of a transdermal patch applied to the skin every day.

MAOIs interfere with the actions of MAO which increases the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within the brain. These neurotransmitters play an important role in sleep, mood, and appetite as also in sexual function. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety properties. However, they are more likely to cause side effects than TCAs and SSRIs and carry boxed warnings for suicide.

In addition to the MAOIs listed below, your doctor may prescribe other treatments or medications that could help manage your symptoms. For instance, a beta blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to relieve the physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may suggest a relaxation technique, or other home treatments to ease your symptoms.

Iproniazid was the first MAOI discovered in 1952 as part of research into tuberculosis. It was quickly discovered to have mood-elevating qualities and is regarded as the first antidepressant drug. Typically, MAOIs are used when other antidepressants don't work, since they can cause serious adverse effects that require immediate medical attention.

If you take an MAOI and eat foods that contain tyramine, a substance in a variety of red meats, cheeses shellfish, fish, as well as some dietary supplements, it could trigger an adverse reaction that can result in high blood pressure. Symptoms of this severe reaction include a throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting, and fast heart rate. MAOIs can also interact with other medications and can cause severe side effects like suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Your doctor will discuss your diet requirements with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. They will advise you against eating foods that contain tyramine when taking the medication. He or she will also provide the list of foods that are safe to consume when taking MAOIs. The food guide provided will help to prevent MAOI-related adverse effects.