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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged window pane can be an inconvenience. It can also be a chance to upgrade your glass to energy efficient or insulated windows to enjoy benefits such as more comfort, higher the value of resales and lower utility bills.

This is a project you could do yourself for a fraction of the cost of hiring a professional. You only need the right tools and a few hours of your time.

Glass

Replace your old single-paned windows using tempered or insulated glass to increase energy efficiency, cut down on noise, and preserve the original character of your older home. A majority of homeowners with hand tools can repair a window pane. In addition to a replacement pane, the following components are required: latex glazing putty; glazier's points; pliers; and a heat gun for warming the old putty, if necessary. Before starting, put on gloves and safety goggles as working with broken glass may cause injuries.

Take out any broken glass pieces remaining. It is recommended to use pliers for this however, a flathead may be useful equally. Utilize a wood chisel or putty knife to get rid of any remaining old putty around the frame and window sash. Be careful not to scratch the window sash. Work slowly and carefully. This is best done on a ladder, not the ground. Also, have someone lower to hold it steady.

Once you have removed all the old putty, prepare the window frame for the new pane. Measure the width and height of the opening for the sash by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). These measurements can be sent to a hardware or home center store to have an item cut from glass stock to the proper size. Alternatively, you can cut the glass yourself if you have the tools you need.

After putting in the new glass, apply some caulking to the edge. This will make the glass weatherproof. Install a glazier's pointing on both sides of the frame. This will ensure the pane. The points shouldn't be too tight that they cause friction between the sash and frame however they shouldn't be too loose.

Before putting the putty on, make sure to knead it until it's soft and free of lumps. Then, roll it into pencil-size strips. Apply the first strip to the frame's corner. Work from one corner to the next and ensure that it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are small triangular pieces of steel which help to secure the glass to the frame without causing any damage to the fragile surface. Learning how to use these tiny helpers is simple and can save you money on professional installation or the cost of buying new glass.

After the old putty as well as the glazier's points have been removed, thoroughly clean the frame with a utility knife to get rid of any remaining residue. If necessary it is necessary to lightly sand the wood in the grooves of the rabbets to smooth rough spots. If you decide to sand wood, protect it with painter's tape to protect it from damage caused by accidental sanding.

Measure the empty frame's dimensions and write down accurate measurements. Bring these measurements to a hardware store or a home center, and have the new pane cut slightly smaller than the frame's opening. This will ensure that the pane fits comfortably and allows for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane into the frame and push firmly with your hands. Then, use the tip of your chisel, or the back end of the putty knife to pierce the glazier's facets, as shown in Figure 11. After you're done, the points should be flush with the top edge of the pane and the shoulders that are raised of the points should be below the lip of the rabbet groove.

Apply a small amount of glazing compound over the edges of the new glass and into the rabbet grooves, to seal and protect them. Allow it to dry and cure completely.

Once the glazing compound has dried it's time to put in the new window sash. The first step is to coat the wood with a thick layer of linseed. This will stop the new putty from soaking up moisture and deteriorating and cracking with time. Apply this coat using a brush or the tip of your knife, then use the chisel or the back end from the putty knife to gently hammer the new sash and glazier's tips into the grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this process at intervals of 10 inches around the frame.

Putty

A baseball hit or a rock thrown by error or a branch falling could result in a broken or cracked window pane. Luckily, most windows can be easily replaced by simply placing a new piece in place. The glass is held in place using a small metal clip called a glazier's point, and putty, often called glazing compound. Before installing a replacement Double Glazing windows pane, first get rid of the old one and clean the area with a rag and a pull-type paint scraper or a wood chisel. Wear protective glasses and gloves while working. You'll need a heat gun in the event that the window is glued into the frame.

If you are planning to replace your original sash, remove the mold that holds the old pane. Sand the sash until it is flat and ready for new caulk. After the sash has been re-installed, apply a new silicone caulk around the glass to ensure that it will not leak or change color as time passes.

Remove the glazing points from the rabbets, the grooves in the sash, where the glass is. If they're difficult to cut, place a hand tool such as a heating gun over them to allow them to soften before. When using a heat tool, be sure to not scratch the sash or its railings.

Create the bed for your new pane after you have removed the old putty and glazing points. Roll a piece of glazing compound between your hands, and form it to be about 1/2-inch thick. Then, push it into the rabbets in which the glass will sit. It's important that the glass sits on the putty on both sides So if you have to, lightly tap the glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack, you can cover it with a solvent-based glue or silicone caulk before pressing it into the sash. In other cases, you'll need to apply putty on the crack to create a tight seal and keep water out. After the putty has dried, clean the oily film off the glass using an abrasive and allow it to dry completely before painting. If you paint before the putty is fully dry, it will not form a solid seal and could leak or discolor over time.

Paint

You might be worried about replacing a damaged piece of glass. But the truth is that replacing a single glass pane doesn't have to break the bank if you do it yourself. Even double-paned windows can be replaced at a fraction of the cost it will cost for a professional.

If you are working with large glass windows first ensure it is securely attached to the frame. This can be made relatively simple and fast with the appropriate tools and techniques.

When you are ready to start taking down the old window seal replacement pane. Take out the glazing points made of metal that are attached to it. These are tiny triangles of metal which act as "nails" that hold the window in the frame. They are buried beneath a layer of glazing putty that is then cured to form a solid, formed wedge that holds the window firmly in place and conceals the points.

After taking off the old pane clean the frame and the wood. Scrape off any old paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points were. Sand them down to bare wooden surfaces, allowing you to paint the frames the same color. After sanding the wood you can apply a layer flax oil. This will help extend its life.

Then, take measurements of the dimensions of the window's opening. You will need to take horizontal and vertical measurements of the entire opening, as well as the thickness of the old pane. To get the exact size of the new pane, subtract 1/8 inch from both measurements. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. You can take these measurements to a hardware store or home improvement shop and get the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.