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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a fan of coffee you're likely aware that different types of beans produce varying flavor profiles. Find out more about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier, more tart flavor and are often used in blends of coffee for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the world's most popular coffee, making up 75% of the world's coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are sweeter and milder in flavor than Robusta and are available with a variety of flavor profiles. The aroma and taste of a coffee can vary significantly based on the growing conditions and processing techniques employed to make it.

The word "coffee beans shop" actually comes from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are fruit seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats were more energetic after eating the berries, and the cultivation of coffee quickly was a global phenomenon.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are capable of flourishing in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the reasons for why Arabica is considered to be the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty coffee roasters and shops focus on using ethically-sourced arabica beans and focusing on fair pay for farmers and sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique coffees that can be used in a variety of brewing methods. Blending allows control over the aroma, taste and body of the coffee. It is usually utilized to create a consistent and balanced taste that is appealing to a broad audience.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most coveted kind of coffee bean around the world. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids which are antioxidants naturally found in. However, these acids may cause oxidation in the coffee beans wholesale suppliers brewing process and can cause undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica and is able to grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it might seem contradictory it's true that Robusta beans are often blended with arabica to make coffee blends. If you find names such as Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's likely that there's also some robusta.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to cut costs and preserve the quality. To preserve the integrity of the flavor, it is essential to select a high-quality bean from a supplier you trust. The best way to do this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinct aroma that is fruity and floral with the smoky notes. They are added to other types of coffee beans to give them a deeper and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can be grown at low altitudes and tolerate humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for home cultivation. It is possible to purchase the seeds online from a number of sources, however it is preferred to purchase them from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils that have a pH that is moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different type of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but it has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. The coffee beans that are oval in shape are found on large coffee plants that can reach 20 to 30 feet in height at medium altitudes. Their unique taste is both tart and sour, which makes them a popular choice for blends made at home. They are also less heavy on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still have an unusual depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted kind of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't as readily available as Arabica or Robusta. In fact they were considered to be distinct species of coffee until 2006 when they were reclassified as an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans are shaped in the shape of teardrops and possess a dark, mysterious taste. These beans are commonly utilized to give blends extra body and a rich tart taste of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are the most well-known, and are renowned for having a an apricot-like flavor. They thrive at high altitudes and have warm, tropical climates. They are slightly acidic. When properly roasted and brewed they may be flavored with notes of chocolate, nuts, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most-loved coffee in the world, and is responsible for around 40% of the coffee consumed in the world. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder but they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also taste bitterer than the other two varieties and have an earthy and woody taste.

After you've learned about the four most widely used varieties of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select the perfect cup. If you're looking to enjoy a smooth mild flavor, go for an arabica or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.